Hello,
Just my 2 cents.
Brahm says:
One can recognize a nimitta by the following six features: (1) it appears
only after the fifth stage of the meditation, after the meditator has been
with the beautiful breath for a long time;
OK, so what is his "fifth stage of the meditation?" Is he talking about the next stage after the 4th jhana, or has he invented more stages?
Brahm continues:
(2) it appears when the breath
disappears; (3) it comes only when the external five senses of sight, hearing,
smell, taste, and touch are completely absent; (4) it manifests only in
the silent mind, when descriptive thought (inner speech) is totally absent;
(5) it is strange but powerfully attractive; and (6) it is a beautifully simple
object."
Well, I have a number of problems with Brahms interpretation of jhana.
1) First of all, he has claimed that the first jhana does not arise unless all 5 of the above factors are in place, well if that is the case, then why does the sutta description of the 4 jhanas refer to them all in terms of bodily pleasure (DN-2)? If the "the external five senses...are completely absent: then how can one be aware of bliss in the body? One cannot.
The Fruit of the Contemplative Life
Samaññaphala Sutta (DN 2)
"With renunciation (vivicceva) of sensuality (k mehi), and renunciation of unwholesome (akusalehi) mental states (dhammehi), and with applied and sustained attention (vitakka and vicára) he resides in the clarity (upasampajja) of the first contemplation (jhana); originating from dispassion (vivekajaü), bliss (piiti) and joy (sukha). Arising from dispassion (vivekajena), his body is filled (abhisanteti1) to overflowing (parisanneti2) with bliss (piiti), joy (sukha) and fulfillment (parippharati) in every way destroying (N ssa) evil that sticks to his character (kiñci). Bliss (piiti) and joy (sukha) pervades, his body originating from dispassion (vivekajena).
Translated from the Pali by Jhananda
http://www.greatwesternvehicle.org/pali/Phala_Nikaya/samannaphala.htm
2) The suttas define the 4 upper stages of samadhi, above jhana, arise when the the sensory domain has been effaced.
Ariyapariyesana Sutta (MN 26.28)
Astral plane ( k s nañc yatanaü)
"Then again (Puna ca paraü) seekers of Buddhahood (bhikkhave bhikkhu), with complete (Sabbaso) transcendence of perceptions of the physical domain (råpasaññ naü), passing beyond (samatikkama) the rapacious material world (pañighasaññ naü), extinguishing (atthagam ) the variety of sensory perceptions (n nattasaññ naü), without the endless pull of mental activity (amanasik r ananto k soti), one travels within (upasampajja viharati) the astral plane ( k s nañc yatanaü). It is said (vuccati) this seeker of Buddhahood (bhikkhave bhikkhu) has blinded ('andhamak si) Mara (m raü). Trackless (apadaü) he has destroyed (vadhitv ) Mara's vision (m racakkhuü). He has disappeared from (adassanaü) and surpassed (gato) the Evil One (p pimato).
Translated from the Pali by Jhananda
http://www.greatwesternvehicle.org/pali/tipitaka/sutta/majjhima/mn026-tb0.html
3) Where does stilling the mind fit into Brahm's jhanas? They do not. The second jhana is defined in terms of tranquility, and the cessation of vitaka and viccars. If that is not the stilling of the mind, then I do not know what it is. And secondly, if it is the stilling of the mind, then I can still my mind without losing awareness of the sensory domain.
Maha-satipatthana Sutta (DN 22.22)
(2nd Jhana)
originating from (ekodibh vaü) withdrawal, clear intention (vitakkavic r naü våpasam ) and a noble tranquil mind (sampas danaü cetaso), and in the absence of applied and sustained attention (avitakkaü avic raü) with absorption (sam dhijaü) in bliss and joy (pãtisukhaü), one resides (viharati) in the clarity (upasampajja) of the second ecstasy (dutiyaü jh naü).
Translated from the Pali by Jhananda 11-02-06
http://www.greatwesternvehicle.org/pali/Phala_Nikaya/mahasatipatthanasutta.htm
I have had to conclude that Brahm must not meditate very deeply, or he would have to have thrown out his nonsensical definition of jhana.
In my experience #3 and #4 are too extreme. As the mind quiets down and the energy starts moving, piti starts arising and the light just pops up. It's quite dull at first but then it gets brighter as the meditation progresses. This is just my experience. My mind is certainly not completely without thought and I can certainly still feel the body---but there is that light there none the less. I was quite surprised when it started happening as I always considered myself extremely non-visual.
I am glad you recognize that you can have a deep meditation experience while still being aware of the sensory domain. I wounder why Brahm does not think so? Is it possible that he does not meditate deeply?
The nimitta is yet another problem with Brahm's interpretation of the meditation experience and jhana. There is no place in the suttas where the nimitta is defined only in terms of visual hallucinations. In my experience these nimittas arise in any one, or all of the senses. Each sense has its own nimittas.
Additionally, the so-called 7 Jhana factors, are the 7 Jhana-nimitta, and none of them are defined as visual hallucination. Those jhana factors are:
the Seven Jhana factors (jhana-nimitta, Jhánanga, charism)
# | English | Pali | Source |
1 | applied or initiating attention | Vitakka | 1st jhana |
2 | sustained attention | Vicára | 1st jhana |
3 | joy | Sukha | 1st jhana |
4 | bliss | Piiti | 1st jhana |
5 | tranquility | Passaddhi | 2nd jhana |
6 | equanimity | Upekkha | 3rd jhana |
7 | freedom from unhappiness and suffering | Asukhacaadukkha | 4th jhana |
Satipatthana Samyutta (SN
(
“The Competent Cook,”
“Suppose, contemplatives, a wise, competent (and) skillful cook were to present a king or royal minister with various kinds of curries…that wise…cook observes the sign of his master’s preferences.”
“So too, monks, here some wise, competent, skillful monk dwells contemplating the physical body, ardent, clearly comprehending, mindful, having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world. While he (or she) dwells contemplating the physical body, his (her) mind becomes absorbed (jhana), his (her) corruptions (nivarana) are abandoned, he (she) picks up the sign (nimitta). He (she) dwells contemplating the (5 Skhandas) body (rupa)… sensations (vedana)… perception (sañña)… mental states (sañkhara)… cognition (viññana)… ardent, clearly comprehending, mindful, having removed covetousness and displeasure in regard to the world. While he dwells contemplating phenomena, his (her) mind becomes absorbed (jhana), his (her) corruptions (nivarana) are abandoned he (she) picks up the sign (nimitta)” of absorption (jhana).
Based upon a translation of the Samyutta Nikaya trans. Bhikkhu Bodhi, Wisdom, Edited by Jhananda
http://www.greatwesternvehicle.org/pali/Phala_Nikaya/competentcook.htm
Pa Auk Sayadaw, who is as far into the Visuddhimagga school as you can get (the promotional video for his monastery begins "Where Buddhaghosa lives!" not "where the Buddha's teachings live"), even this fellow mr-buddhaghosa-is-the-absolute-way-to-do-everything --does not state that the Nimitta ONLY arises after there is total silence of the mind, and a total loss of body formation. I believe his instruction is it eventually arises, usually after someone can stay with the breath without coarse excitation (totally being lost in thought) for about 2 hours.
Well, I have a number of problems with Pa Auk, and it begins with his acceptance of the Visuddhimagga. The Visuddhimagga is a classic example of a religious fraud. Thus, anyone who has a genuine understanding of the religious experience (jhana/samadhi) will have to reject this book.
Secondly, where in the suttas does it say one has to meditate for 2 hours with an unwavering mind just to get to the first jhana? This is nonsense. Those who are skilled at stilling their mind can do it within minutes. Thus, if the stilling of the mind is the second jhana, which I believe it is, then it does not take 2 hours of hard core meditation to get to the 2nd jhana.
Also many monks have failed to make progress because they did not see the light exactly as Pa Auk/Vishudimagga describes, even with great effort, so I think individual results very quite a bit when it comes to charisms/nimittas.
Well, any contemplative who wishes to make genuine progress is going to have to realize that most priests of most religions are frauds, and most of the doctrine of most religions has been heavily reengineered.
I am not very advanced but I do definitely see a light when I meditate, almost always immediately when the third eye chakra area opens up. Of course, sometimes the hindrances are bad and it doesn't happen. At first it used to only appear after a few hours now it's always there within a few minutes. My mind is certainly not completely still but I am getting somewhat intense piti and sukkah. The two seem to go hand in hand but it is not a 1:1 correlation by any means.
Well, it sounds like you are making progress, but the visual minitta is not the only nimitta (charism) to look for.
I have found the 3 stages of the nimitta light/counterpoint sign as described in the Visuddhimagga helpful, but perhaps it's a mistake to worry about it in that detail.
In the book "The Experience of Samadhi" by Richard Shankman, Ajahn Brahm claims that he has thrown everything in the Vishudimagga out except for the descriptions of the nimittas. Clearly, his classification's of the Jhanas are extremely Vishudimagga influenced in his description of the intensity of the absorption. And in other ways too (not worth getting into here).
If I recall Ajahn Brahm also states that 90% of the time if you think it's the the nimitta it is the nimitta. Sounds somewhat contradictory to me. (I may just be remembering wrong.)
Full disclaimer: I am a huge fan of Ajahn Brahm, but some of his instructions do not match my experience so far. I like Pa Auk too -- no disrespect meant.
Well, it is good to hear that Brahm claims that he has thrown everything in the Vishudimagga out except for the descriptions of the nimittas. Now he has to throw that out too, and keep meditating.
I hope my criticism of Brahm and Pa AUk did not offend you.